1.查看USB无线网卡是否识别
#lsusb %查看USB设备 Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9512 Standard Microsystems Corp. Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp. Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0bda:8176 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188CUS 802.11n WLAN Adapter
3.查看USB无线网卡否被内核支持
#lsmod %查看内核驱动 Module Size Used by snd_bcm2835 19584 0 snd_soc_bcm2708_i2s 6202 0 regmap_mmio 2818 1 snd_soc_bcm2708_i2s snd_soc_core 127841 1 snd_soc_bcm2708_i2s snd_compress 8259 1 snd_soc_core regmap_i2c 1661 1 snd_soc_core snd_pcm_dmaengine 5505 1 snd_soc_core regmap_spi 1913 1 snd_soc_core snd_pcm 83845 3 snd_bcm2835,snd_soc_core,snd_pcm_dmaengine snd_page_alloc 5132 1 snd_pcm snd_seq 55484 0 snd_seq_device 6469 1 snd_seq snd_timer 20998 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq 8192cu 550797 0 leds_gpio 2079 0 led_class 4118 1 leds_gpio snd 62252 7 snd_bcm2835,snd_soc_core,snd_timer,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_seq_device,snd_compress
3.查看USB无线网卡配置
下面的wlan0就是USB无线网卡
#iwconfig %查看无线设备配置 wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"QU SHI JI TUAN" Nickname:"" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.437 GHz Access Point: D0:C7:C0:9E:12:8A Bit Rate:150 Mb/s Sensitivity:0/0 Retry:off RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality=100/100 Signal level=88/100 Noise level=0/100 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions.
4.查看网络流量
#ifconfig %查看网络流量 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:27:eb:a0:7b:8d UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e8:4e:06:20:2f:e6 inet addr:192.168.1.103 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:6674 errors:0 dropped:713 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6168 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6085359 (5.8 MiB) TX bytes:9334945 (8.9 MiB)
5.编辑/etc/network/interfaces文件内容
#sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback iface eth0 inet dhcp auto wlan0 allow-hotplug wlan0 iface wlan0 inet manual #iface wlan0 inet dhcp wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf iface default inet dhcp
我开始参考了很多网上的配置,最后发现只有这样配置才能上网,如果注释掉iface wlan0 inet manual,启用iface wlan0 inet dhcp不能上网,网上清一色都是这样的配置。
6.编辑/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf文件
#sudo vim /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf #ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev #pdate_config=1 network={ ssid="OpenWrt-1" proto=RSN key_mgmt=WPA-PSK pairwise=CCMP group=CCMP psk="password" } network={ ssid="OpenWrt-2" proto=RSN key_mgmt=WPA-PSK pairwise=CCMP group=CCMP psk="password" }
如果无线路由器设置的加密方式不同,配置也有差异,可以按照下面的配置自行修改。另外,可以同时设置两个网络,Raspberry Pi可以自行连接其中一个。
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev update_config=1 network={ ssid="YOURSSID" psk="YOURPASSWORD" # Protocol type can be: RSN (for WP2) and WPA (for WPA1) proto=WPA # Key management type can be: WPA-PSK or WPA-EAP (Pre-Shared or Enterprise) key_mgmt=WPA-PSK # Pairwise can be CCMP or TKIP (for WPA2 or WPA1) pairwise=TKIP #Authorization option should be OPEN for both WPA1/WPA2 (in less commonly used are SHARED and LEAP) auth_alg=OPEN }
然后重启就可以连网络了。
7.使用wicd-curses配置
如果上面的配置还是不行的话,可以试试使用wicd-curses来配置。
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install wicd-curses sudo wicd-curses
8.Raspberry Pi无线自动重连
据说wpa_supplicant能够自动断线重连,但是实际上不能重新连接。这个使用的场景就是,Raspberry Pi 一天24h不关机,但是路由器晚上需要关机,但是Raspberry Pi在路由器开机后不会自动连接。
Python代码autowifi.py,放在/home/pi目录下:
#!/usr/bin/python import os, time while True: if '192' not in os.popen('ifconfig | grep 192').read(): print 'n****** wifi is down, restart... ******n' os.system('sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart') time.sleep(5*60) #5 minutes
Shell脚本autowifi.sh,也放在/home/pi目录下:
#!/bin/sh python /home/pi/autowifi.py&
开机自动启动以上脚本:
sudo cp -f /home/pi/autowifi.sh /etc/init.d/ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/autowifi.sh sudo chown root:root /etc/init.d/autowifi.sh sudo update-rc.d autowifi.sh defaults
每5分钟检测一次,若wifi断线,则自动重新连接。副作用就是SSH 5分钟不使用就会自动掉线。
9.wap_supplicant官网信息
http://hostap.epitest.fi/
http://w1.fi/wpa_supplicant/
参考资料:
1.http://www.howtogeek.com/167425/how-to-setup-wi-fi-on-your-raspberry-pi-via-the-command-line/
2.http://www.raspyfi.com/wi-fi-on-raspberry-pi-a-simple-guide/
3.http://www.shumeipai.net/thread-21355-1-1.html
4.http://www.chinaxing.org/articles/linux/2013/03/08/2013-03-08-raspberry-pi-usb-wifi-config.html
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